Top International Art Biennales (Biennials)

by Susan Kendzulak

Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u e bitsa tsela ea Europe 'biennale' kapa tsela ea Amerika 'biennial', seo se bolela ntho e le 'ngoe: pontšo ea mega e etsahalang ka mor'a lilemo tse peli.

Biennial e ile ea e-ba pontšo ea bohlokoa ea machaba ea bohlokoa haholo, haholo-holo lilemong tsa bo-1990 'me ea hlaha metseng e mengata. The Biennial e boetse e thusitse ho fetola boikutlo ba litšoantšo ho tloha litsing tse khōlō tsa bonono ho ea libakeng tse ling, ha li ntse li thusa indasteri ea bohahlauli sebakeng seo.

Ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1990 le 2000, likopano tse ngata le litemana tsa thuto li ile tsa hlahloba bohlokoa le bohlokoa ba Biennial e le khopolo. E 'ngoe ea litemana tse joalo ke Anthology ea Biennial Reader.

01 Venice Biennale

Venice Biennale ke ntate-moholo oa bona kaofela. E thehiloe ka 1895, ha litlhōlisano tsa lefats'e li ne li le teng, litsebi tse tsoang lichabeng tse fapa-fapaneng li ne li bontšoa Giardini (Serapeng), e amohelehang ho lihlahisoa tse 'maloa tsa naha, e mong le e mong a na le histori ea eona e ikhethang ea tsoelo-pele ea moralo.

Sebaka se seholo sa pontšo se atolositsoe ho pholletsa le toropo ea Venice, 'me ho na le libaka tse ncha tsa marang-rang le libaka tsa lipontšo tse kenyelletsoang nako le nako. Venice Biennale e etsahala ho tloha ka June ho ea ho November nakong ea likhallelo tse sa tsejoeng.

02 Sao Paulo Biennial

São Paulo Biennial Brazil e qalile ka 1951 'me e etsahala ka nako e telele e baloang. Ke eona e ntle ka ho fetisisa le ea khale ka ho fetisisa Amerika 'me e na le bonono ba Brazil, Latin America le bochaba ba mehleng ea bona.

Documenta ea 03

documenta Kassel, Jeremane ha e ntle, hobane e tšoaroa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse hlano. Leha ho le joalo, e na le botumo le bohlokoa ka lits'ebeletso tse phahameng tsa lefatše le tse likete tse tharo.

Nakong ea pontšo ea ho qala, litsebi tsa bonono tse kenyelletsang baetsi ba litsebi, li-curators, batsamaisi ba lirafshoa, bahlahlobisisi, bahoebi ba litsebi, joalo-joalo ho tsoa lefatšeng ho pota. E thehiloe ka 1955, documenta ke e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tsa litšoantšo tsa bohlokoa tse lokelang ho bona.

04 Biennale ea Sydney

Biennale ea Sydney Australia e ile ea thehoa ka 1973, e etsa hore e be ea boraro ea khale ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ho tloha ka June ho ea ho September ka lilemo tse ngata, pontšo ea mega e etsahala motseng oa Sydney.

05 Havana Biennial

Havana Biennial e Cuba e ile ea qala ka 1984 'me e tsejoa ka ho bontša litšoantšo tse se nang bophirimela ka ho khetheha haholo-holo ho litsebi tsa Latin America le Caribbean.

06 Istanbul Biennial

Istanbul Biennial Turkey e qalile ka 1987 'me e etsahala ka hoetla ha lilemo tse sa lekanyetsoang. Ke e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tse tummeng tsa bonono bakeng sa bonono ba mehleng ea machaba.

Joaloka mefuta e meng e mengata ea lihlahisoa tse ntle, moqapi oa bonono o khethoa ke komiti. Hona joale mokhanni o hlahisa maikutlo , sehlooho le lenane la litšoantšo tsa litšoantšo bakeng sa pontšo.

Ntho e 'ngoe e ka sehloohong ea mekete ea boithabiso ke hore ha e na lipontšo tsa mebala ea libaka tsa boithabiso, empa ho e-na le hore e kenye letsoho motseng oohle, kahoo likarolo tsa bonnial pontšo li etsoa lipapaling, lifeme tse tlohetsoeng, libaka tsa boikhathollo, libaka tsa metsi, joalo-joalo. , likopano, lieto, litlhahlobo tsa filimi, joalo-joalo.

07 Lyon Biennial

Lyon Biennial Lyon, Fora e thehiloe ka 1984 'me e tšoaroa ho tloha ka September ho isa ho December ka lilemo tse sa tloaelehang. Ke haholo ho nkoa bakeng sa eona ka hloko mekhoa ea bona e bonts'itsoeng.

08 Dak'Art

Dik'Art Biennial ea Art of Contemporary African Art e Dakar, Senegal e qalile ka 1992 'me e tšoaroa ka May nakong ea lilemo tse lekanang. E na le litšoantšo tsa mehleng ea Afrika.

09 Sharjah Biennial

Sharjah Biennial e etsahala Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. E thehiloe ka 1993 e le pontšo ea litšoantšo tsa sebakeng seo, ka 2003 ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho fetotsoe ho etsa hore e be mokhatlo oa machaba oa bonna.

10 Berlin Biennial

Berlin Biennial e Berlin, Jeremane e leng e 'ngoe ea lichaba tsa machaba tse tummeng le tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka bophara. E hlophisitsoeng ka pontšo ea Aperto e Venice Biennale, Berlin Biennial e thehiloe ka 1998 ho ts'ehetsa litšoantšo tsa mehleng ea kajeno le ho bontša bohlokoa ba motse e le setsi sa bohlokoa sa bonono.

Shanghai Biennale

Makasine ea Shanghai, ho theosa le lilemo. Setšoantšo se lumellana le Shanghai Museum.

Biennale ea Shanghai e Chaena e qalile ka 1996 e le pontšo ea baetsi ba litsebi ba moo ba sebelisang mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho penta. Ka selemo sa 2000, pontšo ea seminete e neng e koetlisoa ke Hou Hanru e ne e e-na le bonono ba conceptual, tlhomamiso ea bonono, mecha ea litaba, video le lisebelisoa tsa digital ho theha mokhatlo oa machaba.

12 Yokohama e le lilemo tse tharo

The Yokohama ea lilemo tse sekete Japane, e haufi le Tokyo, e na le lilemo tse tharo ebile e sa le biennial, kahoo e etsahala lilemo tse tharo ho e-na le tse peli. E thehiloe ka 2001.

13 Singapore Biennale

Singapore Biennale e batla e le ncha kaha e qalile ka 2006. Ho tloha ha e thehoa, setšoantšo sa setšoantšo sa setsi sa motse se matlafetse mme Biennale e ipakile e tumme haholo ka baeti.

14 Whitney Biennial

Whitney Biennial e tummeng ea New York e etsahetse Musiamong oa Whitney 'me e bonts'a litšoantšo tsa litsebi tse peli tse hlahelletseng le tse thehiloeng American. Ka tloaelo ho thoe ke pontšo eo motho ae ratang.

15 bontša

Manifesta , eo hape e bitsoang Europe Biennial ea bonono ba mehleng ea kajeno e qalile ka 1996 'me e etsahala sebakeng se fapaneng sa Europe se seng sa bonono lilemong tsohle tse peli. Manifesta e etsahetse Rotterdam, Luxembourg, Ljubljana, Frankfurt, San Sebastian, Trentino-South Tyrol le Murcia.