Kakaretso
ADS-B ke motheo oa Mokhatlo oa Next Generation Transportation oa FAA (NextGen). E ne e thehiloe ho thusa ho fetola tsamaiso ea moea oa sebaka sa moea hore e sebetse hantle. Tsamaiso ea sephethephethe sa moea e tla ba le moralo o hlokehang haholo oa nakoana ka ho kenngoa ha NextGen, 'me ADS-B ke eona motsoako o moholo.
Karolo e ka sehloohong ea ADS-B ke ho fana ka tlhahisoleseding e nepahetseng ea sebaka sa lifofane ho balaoli ba sephethephethe ba sefofane.
Ke mohato o ka holimo ho RADAR, o 'nileng oa sebelisoa ka lilemo.
ADS-B e emela Boitsebiso bo Ikemetseng bo Tsitsitseng-Bohle. E sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa sathelaete tsa GPS ho phatlalatsa boitsebiso ba lifofane ka ho tsoelang pele ho tsamaisa lifofane tsa sephethephethe le lifofane tse ling tse kopanetsoeng. ADS-B ke mokhoa o nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa oa tsamaiso ea lifofane. E tla nolofalletsa lifofane ho fofa litsela tse ling tse tobileng, ho fokotsa tšubuhlellano, ho fokotsa mocheso oa lik'hemik'hale le ho boloka nako le chelete baeti ba lifofane.
Lihlopha
GNSS Satellite Constellation: ADS-B ke tsamaiso e thehiloeng satellite-satellite. Boitsebiso bo ntse bo romelloa ho tloha sethaleng sa satellites ho ea lisebelisoa tsa GPS tsa bofofane, moo li fetoleloang ebe li romeloa libakeng tsa fatše tsa ADS-B.
Libaka tsa Mobu: Ho tla ba le liteishene tse 700 tsa fatše United States tse amohelang lisebelisoa tsa satellite le ho fetisetsa boitsebiso boemong ba lifofane tsa ho laola sephethephethe.
IFR e tiisitsoeng, WAAS-e amohelehang mochine oa GPS: Lifofane li tlameha ho ba le mochine o amohelehang oa GPS oa ADS-B ho sebetsa.
- 1090 MHz Extended Squitter link le Mode S transponder OR 978 MHz Universal Access Transceiver (UAS) bakeng sa ho sebelisoa le transponder e teng: Khetho ea ho qetela e fumaneha bakeng sa lifofane tse fofang ka tlaase ho 18,000 majoe United States.
Kamoo e sebetsang kateng
ADS-B e sebetsa ka ho sebelisa melaetsa ea satellites le mechine ea lifofane ea lifofane ho hlalosa litlhaloso tsa lifofane le ho li fetisetsa ho balaoli ba sephethephethe ba lifofane ka nako e tsoelang pele le hoo e ka bang nako ea sebele.
Lipontšo tsa sathelaete li hlalosoa ke moemeli oa GPS oa sefofane. Theknoloji ea ADS-B e nka boitsebiso ba sathalase le lintlha tse eketsehileng ho lifofane tsa avionics ho etsa setšoantšo se nepahetseng sa sebaka sa lifofane, lebelo, bophahamo le mefuta e meng e fetang 40. Boitsebiso bona bo fetisetsoa seteisheneng sa fatše ebe joale se fetisetsoa ho balaoli ba sephethephethe ba sefofane. Lifofane tse ling tse hlometseng hantle sebakeng seo li tla boela li fumane boitsebiso, ho eketsa tlhokomeliso ea boemo ba lifofane.
Ho na le mesebetsi e 'meli e sa tšoaneng ea ADS-B: ADS-B In le ADS-B E tsoa.
- ADS-B Ho tsoa ke mosebetsi oa pele le o moholo oo FAA o buileng ka oona. Sefofane se khonang ho ADS-B Out se na le bokhoni ba ho phatlalatsa boemo ba sona, lebelo le holimo ho balaoli ba sephethephethe sa sefofane le lifofane tse hlometseng tsa ADS-B. Ho ea ka taelo ea FAA, lifofane tsohle tse batlang ho fofa sebakeng sa moea tseo hona joale li hloka hore transponder e be le maiketsetso a ADS-B Out pele ka la 1 January, 2020.
- ADS-B E ntse e le bokhoni ba ho ikhethela - bonyane hona joale. ADS-B Ho khoneha ho tla lumella lifofane hore li fumane boitsebiso ba sephethephethe le boemo ba leholimo nakong ea sebele ka pontšo ea lifofane. ADS-B Ka mosebetsing o fetela ka holimo ho feta mekhoa ea kajeno ea sephethephethe (e kang TCAS) kaha e fana ka lintlha tse nepahetseng haholoanyane le lintlha tse ling tsa data ho feta mekhoa ea hona joale ea TCAS e etsang. Ka mohlala, TCAS e ka bontša sebaka se lekaneng ho tloha lifofaneng empa eseng hamorao. ADS-B Ho tla bontša lebelo, libaka, bophahamo le lihlopha tsa lifofane tse ling tse kopanetsoeng, hammoho le likarolo tse ling tse ngata tsa data.
Liphoso le Mefokolo
Hona joale, moeli o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa ADS-B ke theko ea ho kenya lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang hoo e ka bang lifofane tse ling tsa naha. Le hoja lenane lena le etsa hore lifofane li sireletsehe le ho feta, liofisi tse ngata tsa sefofaneng le bafofisi ba lifofane ka kakaretso ba na le nako e thata ea ho lokisa litšenyehelo.
ADS-B e na le liphoso tse fokolang haholo tsa tsamaiso; ka lehlakoreng le leng, e tsebahala ka ho tšepahala ha eona. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na mokhoa o entsoeng ke batho o bontšang booatla, 'me litsebi tse ling li bolela hore ADS-B (le GPS ka kakaretso) li kotsing ea tlhaselo ea mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea tsamaiso e kang ho senya kapa ho fapanya GPS. Ho feta moo, ho tloha ha ADS-B e itšetlehile ka tsamaiso ea GNSS, liphoso tse tloaelehileng tsa satellite tse kang liphoso tsa nako le lifofane tsa leholimo li ka ama ADS-B.
Sebaka sa hona joale
Ho latela FAA, mokhatlo o ile oa qeta lisebelisoa tsohle tsa marang-rang ADS-B.
Liteishene tsena li fana ka litšebeletso tsa leholimo le tlhahisoleseling ea sephethephethe ho lifofane tse hlometseng tsa ADS-B tse fetang 28 mehaho ea TRACON. Ka li-ATC tse 230, hona joale ba fetang 100 ba sebelisa ADS-B, ba bang ba lebeletse ho hlomelloa ka ho feletseng ka 2019. FAA e fane ka taelo ea hore lifofane tsohle tse sebetsang sebakeng sa moea se khethiloeng e lokela ho ba ADS-B ntle tse hlomelitsoeng ka la 1 January, 2020 .
Tšebeliso e Sebetsang
Ho na le ts'oaetso e tsepamisitsoeng ho mefuta e tobileng ea lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lifofane le basebetsi ba fapaneng. Thepa ea lisebelisoa e fapana ho latela mofuta oa ho fofa le thepa e kenyelletsoeng hona joale.
Ka mohlala, ho kopana le 978 MHz UAS, ho tla ba le sefofane bakeng sa sefofane se nang le boitsebiso ba WAAS, sa IFR se tiisitsoeng sa GPS le transporter ea Mode Mode e se e kentse, ntle le haeba mofuputsi a ka rata ho fofa ka ntle ho United States kapa ka holimo ho 18,000, e leng hore na ho tla hlokahala mohokahanyo oa 1090 MHz ES. Empa khokahano ea 1090 MHz ES ha e lumellane le TIS-B kapa FIS-B, e bolelang hore mokhanni o lokela ho fumana tsela e 'ngoe ea ho fumana boitsebiso ba sephethephethe (joaloka TCAS).
'Me mochine ea se nang mohala oa GPS oa WAAS ka sefofaneng sa hae o tla tlameha ho reka mochine o mocha oa GPS hammoho le mohokahanyo oa 978 MHz UAS kapa 1090 MHz ES mme mohlomong o ka ba Mode Mode kapa Mocha S transponder.
Hang ha e sebelisoa, ADS-B ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa, e fanang ka boitsebiso bo nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa ho balaoli ba sephethephethe ba sefofane le ba tsamaeang le sefofane bao re kileng ra ba bona. Ha ho kenngoa ts'ebetsong naheng eohle melemo e ntle.
Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na phehisano ea hore ADS-B e theko e boima ebile e rarahane. FAA e na le tšepo ea hore melemo ea nako e telele e tla feta litšenyehelo, empa morero o tlohela beng ba lifofane maemong a thata.