Kamoo mapolesa, li-criminologists le baetapele ba sechaba ba sebetsang hammoho kateng
Litlaleho tsa pele tsa tlōlo ea molao ka bobeli le tsa mapolesa li bontša ka mokhoa o fokolang mekhoa ea boipelaetso ea molao. Ha mekhatlo e ntse e hōla le ho iphetola ha lintho, litsebi tsa litsebi tsa molao li ile tsa qala ho sheba litsela tsa ho thibela tlōlo ea molao, ha mebuso ea libaka e qala ho sebetsa ka mafolofolo ho ts'oanela baahi ba bona .
Moprofesa Goldstein le Mapolesa a Bakiloeng ke Mathata
Le hoja ts'ebetso ena e ntse e tsoela pele kajeno, mekhoa ea ts'ebetsong ea molao e ile ea qala ho fetoha ka mor'a hore Moprofesa Herman Goldstein a hlahise maikutlo a mapolesa a nang le bothata ka 1979. Maikutlo a Goldstein a hasana ho pholletsa le United States 'me ka potlako a lebisa tlhophisong ea khopolo eo hona joale e tsejoang e le sechaba mapolesa.
Ho theha Molao oa Ts'ebetsong le Boikarabello ba Sechaba
Mapolesa a ikemetseng ke phello ea mosebetsi oa bafuputsi le litsebi ka ho tšoanang. Khopolo ena e fetola maikutlo ho tloha ho itšoara ho isa ketsong.
Mehleng ea pele ea mapolesa, lefapha la mapolesa le ile la sebelisa chelete e ngata le basebetsi ba itšoara ka litlōlo tsa molao tse neng li se li entse. Ho e-na le hoo, mapolesa a rarollang bothata le marang-rang a eona a hatisa likamano tsa mohaho ho thibela tlōlo ea molao. Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa mapolesa a ikemetseng a itšetlehile ka likarolo tse peli tsa mantlha: bonngoe ba sechaba le ho rarolla bothata.
Mapolesa a ikemetseng a sechaba a tlisa litsebi tsa mapolesa, ba boholong pusong le baetapele le baahelani ba motse ho kopana le ho hlahloba mathata har'a sechaba le ho sebetsa hammoho ho li rarolla. Ha se nahane feela ka maikutlo a mapolesa a mathata empa hape ha a nahane ka litakatso, litlhoko le litakatso tsa sechaba ho theha karabo e nepahetseng.
Ka mekhatlo ena ea sechaba, mekhatlo ea mapolesa e theha tšepo le tlaleho le libaka tseo ba li sebeletsang. Ho netefalitsoe hore ho na le tšebelisano-'moho le lihlopha tseo nakong e fetileng li neng li sa batle ho li etsa ka molao.
Bothata ba ho rarolla mathata le SARA Model ho Policing
Mapolesa a iketselitseng sechaba a sebelisa mohlala oa SARA oa tharollo ea mathata ho hlahisa litharollo tsa nako e telele tsa tlōlo ea molao tse sa amane le tsamaiso ea toka ea tlōlo ea molao le tse ling tse amanang le ho fetola maikutlo.
SARA ke selelekela sa Scanning, Analysis, Response, le Tlhahlobo, mme e bua ka mehato ea bohlokoa mekhoeng ea ho rarolla mathata le ho etsa liqeto. Mohlala oa SARA o na le likarolo tse 'nè tsa bohlokoa.
Ho hlakola ho kenyelletsa ho sheba mekhoa ea mesebetsi e thata, ho akarelletsa le mahlatsipa, libaka le mefuta ea litlōlo tsa molao. Ho hloka tlhahlobo ea bothata, ho lemoha bothata ka bobeli ba molao le balekane ba ka ntle, le ho hlahloba bothata ba bothata.
Karolo e latelang ea mokhoa oa ho rarolla mathata ke ho hlahloba, ho akarelletsang ho sheba mabaka a mathata leha e le afe kapa mathata a khethollang. Boitsebiso bo bokelloa ho tsoa mehloling e sa tšoaneng, ho kenyeletsa litlaleho tsa tlōlo ea molao le litho tsa sechaba tse amehang ka ho toba ke taba. Lisosa tsa mathata li ka kenyelletsa mabaka a mangata, ho kenyeletsa moahelani le mehopolo ea sechaba ea ts'ebetsong ea molao.
Hang ha sesosa se tsebahala, baokameli ba molao ba tla sebetsa le sechaba hore ba tle le ho etsa karabo e loketseng, ea nako e telele. Kamora khato e kenngoa ts'ebetsong, tlhahlobo e tsoelang pele e hlokeha ho hlahloba katleho ea tharollo le ho etsa liphetoho ha ho loketse.
Ho fumana Merero ea nako e telele bakeng sa Mapolesa le Metseng
Mekhoa ea mapolesa e ikemetseng sechabeng e lumella mapolesa, li-criminologists le litsebi tse ling tsa bokebekoa hore ba sebetse hammoho hore ba fumane sesosa sa sesosa sa liketso tsa tlōlo ea molao.
Ka ho sebelisa melao-motheo ea mapolesa a nang le bothata, basebetsi ba molao ba fumana litharollo tsa nako e telele mme ba tsoela pele ho matlafatsa tšepo har'a baahi bao ba ba sebeletsang le ho thusa ho netefatsa sechaba se sireletsehileng.